Londiwe Buthelezi
14 October 2026
Usuku Lomhlaba Lokuhlukumezeka (World Trauma Day), olugujwa mhla zingu-17 Okthoba, luvame ukugxila kukuhlukumezeka okubonakalayo – ukulimala nodlame. Kodwa emindenini yaseNingizimu Afrika, okunye ukuhlukumezeka okujulile akubonakali neze – kudluliselwa ngokuthula, kusukela kwesinye isizukulwane kuye kwesinye, ngendlela yokuqapha okweqile, ukuthula, isiyalo esinzima, noma umuzwa odluliselwayo wokuthi umhlaba awuphephile.
Abacwaningi bakubiza ngokuthi ukuhlukumezeka okudluliselwa ezizukulwaneni (intergenerational/transgenerational trauma): ukudluliswa kolwazi lomzali olungakapholi lokuhlangabezana nosizi kubantwana babo, ngendlela yokuziphatha, isitayela sokukhulisa, futhi kungenzeka nangokwemvelo yomzimba. Ucwaningo olude oluqhutshwa eSoweto olulandelela intsha ezalwa cishe ngesikhathi soguquko lombuso wezwe luthole ukuthi ingcindezi eyayikhona esiswini owakuzuza ngenxa yezimo zobandlululo yabikezela ubuthakathaka bengqondo obukhulu emashumini eminyaka kamuva, lapho lezo zingane sezibhekene nengcindezi yazo njengabasha – ubufakazi, njengoba abacwaningi bekusho, ukuthi imiphumela yokuhlukumezeka yomlando ingaqhubeka ikhale kuwo wonke umkhathi wempilo yomuntu esikhundleni sokuvalelwa esizukulwaneni esaphila kuso.
Indlela lokhu okwenzeka ngayo ayikho ngokwemvelo yomzimba kuphela. Ucwaningo lwe-Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) olwenziwa ngabantwana nabazukulu bezisulu zokuhlukunyezwa kwamalungelo abantu ngesikhathi sobandlululo, olwaholwa umcwaningi u-C Adonis, luthole izihloko ezivama ukuphindaphinda kwabomndeni abathintekayo: usizi lwesibili olumunyelwe usizi lomzali, izinkinga ezingapheli zomnotho ezisuselwa ekuphucweni komlando, kanye nomuzwa oqhubekayo wokungabi namandla odluliswa kanye nezindaba zomndeni – noma, ngokuvamile njengoba kunjalo, kanye nokuthula kwasemndenini. Ucwaningo oluhlukile mayelana nesizukulwane esizalwa “sesikhululekile” saseNingizimu Afrika luthole ukuthi ongoti bezengqondo abelapha amaklayenti amasha aseGauteng babona usizi luvela njengokungabi nokuqhubekela phambili, umuzwa wecala ongachazwa, usizi ngezinto ezingazange zaxoxwa, kanye nokudideka ngobunikazi nangobudlelwano – izimpawu amaklayenti abo aphinde ziziveze ngesikhathi ezama ukuzichaza.
Bambalwa abaseNingizimu Afrika abaye bafunda lolu daba ngokujulile njengoProfesa Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela, ophethe iSihlalo Socwaningo se-National Research Foundation Sohlelo Lwezomlando Wodlame Nosizi Oludluliselwa Ezizukulwaneni e-Stellenbosch University, futhi owake wasebenza kwiKhomishini Yeqiniso Nokubuyisana (TRC). Ucwaningo lwakhe lwamqhubela ngale kohlelo lokubuyisana lodwa lwaya kulokho akubiza ngokuthi “umsebenzi wokulungisa” – ekuqapheleni ukuthi izinqubo ezisemthethweni ezinjenge-TRC zavula isikhala sokuhlangana, kodwa azange ziphothule umsebenzi. Njengoba ekusho ecabanga ngalolo shintsho, “okuthile kungavela ekuhlanganeni futhi usizi lungeqiwa,” nakuba eqaphela ngokucophelela ukuthi ulimi lokuthethelela lodwa lungafihla umsebenzi onzima, oqhubekayo wobulungiswa obudingekayo ngempela.
Lokho kwahlukaniswa kubalulekile kwimndeni ezama ukuphula le mijikelezo ekhaya, ngoba ukuphulukisa ukuhlukumezeka “okwenziwe umkhuba” akuwona umsebenzi wokuzimisela komuntu ngamunye kuphela. Kuqala ngokuqala iphethini: ukuqaphela ukuthi ulaka olufushane lomzali, ukuqhelelana ngokozwelo noma ukwesaba abaphethe imibuso kungase kube yimpendulo yokusinda edluliselwe kunobe kube yiphutha lomuntu siqu, kuzo zombili izizukulwane. Izingxoxo zomndeni – ngisho nalezo ezinzima, ezinqamulayo – ziyawuphazamisa leyo ntuthuko etholakala ngokuphindaphindiwe ucwaningo oluthola njengomhlabathi ovundile wokuthi usizi ludlulele ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kusukela kumzali kuya kumntanakhe. Nosizo lochwepheshe luyasiza futhi: ukwelulekwa okugxile kusizi, ukwelulekwa komndeni, kanye nezindawo zokuphulukisa ezisekelwe emphakathini konke kuvela njengezinhlelo zokungenelela ocwaningweni lwaseNingizimu Afrika, ezinika abantu ulimi namathuluzi isizukulwane sabazali babo ngokuvamile ababengenawo nokufinyelela kuwo.
Izazi ezisebenza ngosizi lomphakathi ezweni laseAfrika zengeza ingxenye eyodwa engavamile ukubonakala ezindleleni ezigxile emuntwini ngamunye zokuphulukisa: ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo somphakathi. Ukubhekana nengcindezi eqhubekayo ezalwa ukungalingani okuqhubekayo nobulungiswa bomlando obungakaxazululwa kuwo, ngokwalo mbono, uhlelo lwempilo yengqondo ngokwalo – ubulungiswa, njengoba elinye iphepha lakamuva mayelana nosizi lomphakathi lisho, akukhona ukuziphindiselela kodwa “ukubuyiselwa kwesithunzi.”
Akukho kulokhu okwenza ukuphula umjikelezo womndeni kube lula. Kodwa ucwaningo lwaseNingizimu Afrika luyahambisana ngephuzu elilodwa: iphethini ayimile. Ingcindezi esiswini, izingxoxo ze-HSRC, kanye nemibiko yezokwelapha konke kukhomba indlela efanayo – kudlulisela okwenzeka ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kwenhloso eqondile, okusho ukuthi kungaphazanyiswa futhi ngenhloso eqondile. Kulolu Suku Lomhlaba Lokuhlukumezeka, yileyo indlela yokuphulukisa enzima kakhulu, ethulile kunazo zonke ekufanele ikhulunywe: hhayi umzuzu wesimo esiphuthumayo, kodwa izizukulwane ezikhetha ngokuthula ukungadluliseli lelonya olufanayo phambili.
